1.0Mt/a汽柴油加氢精制装置扩能改造设计

以山东某地方炼油厂1.0 Mt/a汽柴油加氢精制装置扩能改造至1.2 Mt/a为目标,在满足目标产品质量要求的前提下,对装置扩能改造前后原料油性质、加工比例、产品质量标准、主要工艺参数、物料平衡和热量平衡进行对比和分析,并结合装置的全流程工艺模拟计算和主要设备核算分析,找出了原装置工艺和主要设备瓶颈,并有针对性的提出了具体改造措施。同时对装置扩能改造至1.5 Mt/a的可能性做了探索性分析。     

浮选系统中粗颗粒与气泡的碰撞行为研究

浮选设备中气泡与颗粒的碰撞是一个复杂的力学过程,本文设计了一套电磁发射装置,将颗粒以可控的速度和角度射向水中的静止气泡,用以简化模拟真实的浮选现象。高速相机被用来监测这一碰撞过程,然后对图像进行分析,提取了颗粒的运动参数以及气泡的变形信息,研究了颗粒与气泡的作用时间与液膜排液规律,并推导了一个数学模型来预测碰撞现象的时间尺度并提出了黏附判据。     

化学产品设计课程教学改革与创新思考

随着新时期化学工业的发展,化学产品从大宗化学品向高附加值的精细化学产品转变,化学产品设计课程教学已不能适应市场需求。因此,化学产品设计课程教学中应“讲好中国故事”,选择贴近生活的案例,提高学生的学习兴趣,通过设计“产品线”的教学内容增进学生对理论知识的理解,结合“模拟竞标”、带领学生走出课堂等方式,提高学生的学习热情与课程参与度,最终获得良好的教学效果。     

Unsteady free convection of second‐grade nanofluid with a new time‐space fractional heat conduction

The Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio derivative are applied to study a second‐grade nanofluid over a vertical plate. A comparative analysis is presented to study the unsteady free convection of a second‐grade nanofluid with a new time–space fractional heat conduction. The governing equations with mixed time–space fractional derivatives are non‐dimensionalized and solved numerically, and a comparison between the Caputo and the Caputo–Fabrizio models is made. It is found that the temperature is higher for the Caputo–Fabrizio fractional model than the Caputo model, but the higher velocity only exists near the vertical plate for the Caputo–Fabrizio model than the Caputo model. Moreover, the velocity for the Caputo model will exceed the Caputo–Fabrizio model as y evolves.     

氧化石墨烯改性碳纤维复合材料抗冲击行为研究

使用单层纳米氧化石墨烯（NGO）粒子对环氧树脂进行改性处理，采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型工艺制备了[±45/0/90]_2S铺层角度下的纯树脂及单层NGO改性碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）层合板。通过落锤冲击试验、超声C扫描检测、冲击后压缩试验等对纯树脂及单层NGO改性CFRP进行实验研究。结果表明，纯树脂及单层NGO改性CFRP在损伤阻抗及损伤容限实验中均存在拐点现象，且拐点出现在相同深度位置，其中纯树脂CFRP拐点位置为0.51 mm，单层NGO改性CFRP拐点位置为0.43 mm；相对于纯树脂CFRP，单层NGO改性CFRP可以显著提高复合材料的抗冲击性能及冲击后的压缩性能；通过对冲击后凹坑深度及凹坑面积进行数据模拟，可以用拟合公式实现对复合材料的损伤预测。     

矿井顶板水探测方法及富水区成因分析

某矿1303工作面为三采区首采工作面，顶板含水层主要为第四系含水层、K₁₀和K₈砂岩裂隙含水层。为了解顶板K₁₀和K₈砂岩裂隙含水层的富水性，在1303工作面运输巷布置了覆盖全工作面的10个钻场（46个顶板探放水钻孔）进行探测，结合地表钻孔的顶板覆岩规律以及抽水试验结果可知，K₁₀和K₈砂岩裂隙含水层属于弱富水含水层，在2号钻场和8号钻场周边局部存在局部富水区；局部富水区均与构造有关，2号钻场位于背斜翼部，8号钻场位于向斜轴部，而背斜翼部和向斜轴部易出现砂岩裂隙带，成为地下水的富集区。     

An efficient method of generating vortex electromagnetic wave based on double‐layer transmissive metasurface

A broadband double‐layer transmissive metasurface (TMS) for effective generate vortex electromagnetic wave is presented in this paper. The proposed TMS consists of two types of elements. The first element is composed of a multi‐resonant dipole and four metal vias. The metal vias increase the coupling strength between the upper and lower layers to improve transmission efficiency. On the basis of the first element, the second element adds stubs to ensure sufficient phase shift. The far‐field cross polarisation is eliminated by special element arrangement. Then, a centre‐fed linear polarisation TMS is designed to generate orbital angular momentum beams with mode l = ? 1. The proposed TMS is designed, manufactured and measured to verify the proposed design. The measured results indicate that a maximum gain of 20.8 dBi and narrow divergence angle of ±5° are achieved at 18 GHz. Furthermore, mode purity is higher than 86.1% within the 17 to 19 GHz band. The proposed double‐layer TMS saved costs, reduced weight and without assembly error is a good candidate for OAM generator.     

基于改进CGANs的入侵检测方法研究

近年来,机器学习算法在入侵检测系统(IDS)中的应用获得越来越多的关注。然而,传统的机器学习算法更多的依赖于已知样本,因此需要尽可能多的数据样本来对模型进行训练。遗憾地是,随着越来越多未知攻击的出现,且用于训练的攻击样本具有不平衡性,传统的机器学习模型会遇到瓶颈。文章提出一种将改进后的条件生成对抗网络(CGANs)与深度神经网络(DNN)相结合的入侵检测模型(CGANs-DNN),通过解决样本不平衡性问题来提高检测模型对未知攻击类型或只有少数攻击样本类型的检测率。深度神经网络(DNN)具有表征数据潜在特征的能力,而经过改进后的条件CGANs,能够通过学习已知攻击样本潜在数据特征分布,来根据指定类型生成新的攻击样本。此外,与生成对抗网络(GANs)和变分自编码器(VAE)等无监督生成模型相比,CGANsDNN经过改进后加入梯度惩罚项,在训练的稳定性上有了很大地提升。通过NSL-KDD数据集对模型进行评估,与传统算法相比CGANs-DNN不仅在整体准确率、召回率和误报率等方面有更好的性能,而且对未知攻击和只有少数样本的攻击类型具有较高的检测率。     

Metallic Nanoparticle-Enabled Sensing of a Drug-of-Abuse: An Attempt at Forensic Application

γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) functions as a depressant on the central nerve system and serves as a pharmaceutical agent in the treatment of narcolepsy and alcohol withdraw. In recent years, GHB has been misused as a recreational drug due to its ability to induce euphoric feelings. Moreover, it has gained increasing attention as a popular drug of abuse that is frequently related to drug-facilitated sexual assaults. At the moment, detection methods based on chromatography exhibit extraordinary sensitivity for GHB sensing. However, such techniques require complicated sample treatment prior to analysis. Optical sensors provide an alternative approach for rapid and simple analysis of GHB samples. Unfortunately, currently reported probes are mostly based on hydrogen bonding to recognize GHB, and this raises concerns about, for example, the lack of specificity. In this work, we report a bioinspired strategy for selective sensing of GHB. The method is based on specific enzyme recognition to allow highly selective detection of GHB with minimum interference, even in a complex sample matrix (e. g., simulated urine). In addition, the result can be obtained by either quantitative spectroscopy analysis or colorimetric change observed by the naked-eye, thus demonstrating its potential application in drug screening and forensic analysis.